T细胞介导炎症与血液肿瘤发生相关性研究进展

慢性炎症是肿瘤发生过程中一个重要因素,越来越多的研究显示T细胞介导炎症与多种肿瘤发生密切相关。本文主要综述近期有关T细胞介导炎症与血液肿瘤发生的相关性及其分子机制的新进展。     

一种淋巴组织结构彩色病理图像自动分割算法

提出了基于约简纹理谱特征值的分割方法.首先,对淋巴组织结构病理图像进行特征分析,利用约简纹理谱特征及形状特征,分离出各组织结构,同时进一步提高滑动窗口的纹理谱计算方法;然后对淋巴小结采用灰度分割算法,分离出细胞核、胞浆等.实验证明,该方法简单快速,能对彩色淋巴组织结构病理图像进行有效的分割.     

浅析102例绝经后阴道出血

目的探讨绝经后阴道出血的原因以及与恶性肿瘤的关系。方法对102例生理性绝经1年以上的阴道出血病人,行宫颈刮片脱落细胞检查、宫颈活检、子宫内膜诊刮活检。分析阴道出血的原因以及与恶性肿瘤的关系。结果生殖器炎症占47.05%,功能性子宫出血占27.45%,恶性肿瘤占10.28%,其他良性病变14.71%。结论引起绝经后阴道出血最多的原因是生殖器炎症,绝经时间越长的阴道出血恶性肿瘤的发病率明显增多。     

趋化因子 CXCL16及其受体 CXCR6在恶性肿瘤中的表达与作用

趋化因子在恶性肿瘤的发生、发展、肿瘤微环境形成及抗肿瘤免疫中发挥了重要作用。新的趋化因子CXCL16及其受体 CXCR6正日益受到关注。研究发现 CXCL16/CXCR6在多种人类恶性肿瘤中高表达,在多数肿瘤中可促进肿瘤的生长、转移和复发,但在有些肿瘤中却作用相反。此外,CXCL16/CXCR6还可通过诱导CD4+/CD8+T 细胞、自然杀伤细胞等免疫细胞参与抗肿瘤免疫以及肿瘤微环境的形成。明确 CXCL16/CXCR6在肿瘤中的作用及其分子机制将有助于抗肿瘤研究的深入。     

Nephrin in human lymphoid tissues

When nephrin, the protein product of NPHS1, was cloned, it was proposed to be specific for the kidney glomerular podocytes. Recently, however, new reports have emerged verifying additional nephrin expression sites, particularly the insulin-producing β cells of the pancreas, as well as the central nervous system. In this study, we demonstrate nephrin expression in lymphoid tissues, specifically the tonsil, adenoid and lymph node. Nephrin mRNA expression levels were 4-fold higher in tonsils and adenoids than in thymus or B lymphocytes, and 20-fold higher than in T lymphocytes or monocytes, as shown by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Anti-nephrin antibodies recognised a specific 165-kDa band in lysates of tonsil and adenoid. In immunofluorescence and immunohistochemichal stainings of adenoid and lymph node sections, nephrin-positive cells were detected in the germinal centres of the lymphoid follicles in a staining pattern typical for interdigitating cells. These results indicate a definite and additional presence of nephrin in lymphoid tissue. Received 17 October 2005; received after revision 22 November 2005; accepted 20 December 2005     

恶性肿瘤的心理学研究概述

对恶性肿瘤的心理学致病机理、心理治疗的应用等进行了初步分析.结果表明,恶性肿瘤是心身疾病,心理社会因素在癌症发生过程中起着重要的作用.而心理因素在患者致病机理中的重要地位,决定了心理治疗在综合治疗中的重要意义.     

西藏墨头鱼泌尿系统结构

采用常规组织学方法对西藏墨头鱼的泌尿系统进行了研究.结果表明:西藏墨头鱼的泌尿系统包括中肾、输尿管和膀胱.中肾由肾单位、集合管以及拟淋巴组织组成.其中肾单位的肾小体直径为(70.2±7.8)μm,随机分布于肾组织中.肾小管分为第一近端小管、第二近端小管和远端小管.拟淋巴组织中黑色素巨噬细胞较少,无甲状腺滤泡分布.输尿管位于肾腹面两侧,粘膜上皮为单层柱状上皮,未见粘膜下层,肌层由环肌和纵肌组成.膀胱为输尿管膀胱,膀胱粘膜上皮中有分泌细胞分布.结果也显示,西藏墨头鱼肾脏的组织结构与低海拔地区生活的淡水鱼类相比并无特殊之处.通过对几种淡水鱼相关数据的对比,提出了淡水鱼肾小体的大小与其体型大小存在一定关系的观点,即体型越大,肾小体平均直径越小.     

Different biological behavior of AKR lymphoma cells from primary and metastatic tumors

Summary AKR lymphoma cells derived from primary s.c. tumors (PT) and cells from their metastases (MT) were inoculated into recipient mice in order to compare their malignant behavior. A higher malignant potential of MT compared to PT cells was found. The results support the hypothesis that metastasis is a process of selection of cells possessing a potential to metastasize, which preexist in the primary tumor. In the model used, both the selection of variants of malignancy and the assay of malignancy were as close as possible to natural tumor progression.The authors are thankful to Mrs Ora Gal-Mor and Mrs Elinora Miron for skillful technical assistance.     

γ-Glutamyl-transpeptidase in lymphatic tissues ofMastomys natalensis during an infection withAcanthocheilonema viteae

Summary DuringAcanthocheilonema viteae infection, the specific activity of -glutamyltranspeptidase (-GT) increased in peritoneal exudate cells and bone marrow and decreased in lymphnodes ofMastomys natalensis throughout the course of infection. However, though there was an increase in specific activity of -GT in thymus and spleen during the prepatent phase ofA. viteae infection, the level either returned to normal or decreased during the latent phase of infection. A close correlation was observed between the host's immune status duringA. viteae infection and the level of -GT in lymphoid tissues.Communication No. 4535 from Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow.